CASE STUDY #1 FALL 2011 (Credits to CDC and the phil.gov, fda.gov and nclb.gov websites for all the photos)
Objectives:
1. Analyze the information provided and consider how the scientific method relates to diagnosis, lab orders and treatment.
2. Create at least 6 questions that would help guide the scientific investigation into the etiology - ask questions that would provide a good patient history (Observations).
3. Evaluate potential etiologies. (Hypothesis). The potential causes are also called a differential diagnosis. (Remember to consider all physiologic conditions not JUST infectious).
4. Use the additional information handed you by the instructor to eliminate possible etiologies.
5. Research the most likely cause and possible treatment.
6. Work together as a team to solve a problem and communicate solutions.
Case Study #1- Table 1 Fall
2011
1. Observations
Judy Bloomfield, a 25 year-old-female reported to the physician’s office complaining that she felt tired and had a cough.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the lungs. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
1. Observations
Juan Lopez is a 45-year-old-male that has been a type I diabetic since childhood. He reported to the physician with back pain and frequent urination.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the kidneys and urinary tract. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
Case Study #1-Table 3
Fall 2011
1.
Observations
Lisa is a 23 year-old college student who works at a child-care clinic. She goes to her doctor complaining that her eyes are glued shut in the morning when she wakes up and there seems to be pus and exudate coming from the tear duct. Her vision is blurred and she is concerned about going to school and work.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the eyes. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
Case
Study #1-Table 4
Fall 2011
1. Observations
Edith White an 87 year-old female was brought to the emergency room from a geriatric hospital. She is febrile, delirious, and breathing rapidly. There is a bandage on her left arm.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the integumentary system. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
1. Observations
This 56-year-old homeless man Joe Hample, who is a one-pack-a-day smoker, arrives in the emergency room at 10:00 PM complaining of chest pain, coughing for 4 days and fever. Vital signs revealed a fever of 103, rapid heart rate, and typical lung sounds indicative of pneumonia.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the respiratory tract and immunology. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
Case Study #1-Table 6
Fall 2011
1. Observations
Gary Oldsham was paralyzed from the waist down five years ago secondary to a car accident caused by a drunk driver. His daily homecare provider discovered a black lesion that smelled foul on his left buttock. The lesion was about 2 inches across and black, appearing deep, but due to the patient's paralysis, he could not feel it.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the complications of paralysis and decubitus ulcers. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
Case Study #1-Table 7
Fall 2011
1. Observations
Lisa Wong, is a 4-year-old-female, whose mother brought her to the emergency room with difficulty breathing brought on by coughing and wheezing. After a coughing spasm the little girl appears to have blue lips and a pale blue face.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the lungs and respiratory tract. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
Case
Study 1-Table 8 Fall 2011
1. Observations
Michael is first year college student. He has been experiencing diarrhea, cramping, abdominal pain and fever for about 3 days. He makes an appointment with campus doctor because he cannot safely attend his classes.
2. Questions
Review your anatomy and physiology concerning the gastrointestinal tract. Using the scientific method, as described on page 10 of the text, write at least 8 questions that should be asked of this patient and about this situation. Are there any underlying conditions in this patient that could influence an infection?
3. Hypothesis
Make a general hypothesis about this patient’s potential medical problem. Give a list of at least 5 potential diagnoses, a differential diagnosis, and put them in the order you feel are most likely to least likely.
4. Experiment
Determine the lab tests that need to be done on this patient to rule out the above possibilities and get a definitive diagnosis.
5. Support or reject your differential. (The professor will provide more information after you have gotten to this point).
What results from the lab tests would support your most likely conclusions and why?
6. Answer the questions associated with the lab report.
RUBRIC for Grading
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Bakersfield College Microbiology B16 |
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Criteria and Point Value for Team Case 1: Scientific Method |
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Expected Outcome |
Unsatisfactory - |
Developing -
demonstrates partial completion of expectations |
Accomplished
- |
Mastery
- |
Points |
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REPORT STRUCTURE |
The report is incomplete and/or there are grammar errors. |
The report is complete, neat, & well-written. There are a few grammatical errors. |
The report is complete, neat, & organized, formatted according to the instructions for papers in Microbiology. |
The report is complete, neat, organized, without errors, and formatted according to the instructions for papers in Microbiology. |
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD
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Analysis of data is not evident. Thinking is fuzzy & hard to follow. |
The data analysis is included but inadequate. |
The team carefully recorded their thinking and analysis which show apparent integration of anatomy, physiology and microbiology. |
The report is thorough and displays critical analysis of the material (as compared to simply rewriting the information found on the web). |
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REPORT CONTENT |
The report has missing information or inadequate answers to the questions |
Questions were answered and reported but the sources are not reliable or not cited. There is obvious effort for teamwork and communication. |
The report fully answered all the questions. The final report is a team effort & integrates data identified and analyzed. Synthesis as a result of teamwork is evident. |
All questions are answered using excellent, cited sources. The final report is a team effort & integrates all three roles. |
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RESEARCH |
Background information is absent, no citations or research. |
Background information is limited to the book and displays minimal research. Some sources may be less reliable e.g. Wikipedia. |
Clear background information from relevant sources is used and cited. All courses are reliable. |
Relevant sources from the class and text, as well as exceptional outside sources are integrated into the report. MLA format is used for citations. |
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TEAMWORK
& PRESENTATION |
The situation is simply restated and problem solving is limited. The problem is not clearly identified. |
The situation is explained, the main problem is identified and standard solutions are applied. There is some evidence of teamwork. |
The situation is analyzed, the problem is described with regards to many arenas, and potential solutions are discussed. Good teamwork is evident. |
The situation is evaluated; the problem is correctly identified and analyzed. Creative problem solving strategies are used to solve the problem in many arenas. Excellent teamwork is evident. |
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Total Points |
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Comments |
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Bakersfield College | Kern Community College District |
Janet Fulks
1801 Panorama Dr. - Bakersfield, CA 93305 - (661)395-4011
Date last updated
09/02/2011
©Janet Fulks